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Typhoid Vaccine
What is typhoid fever?
• Typhoid fever is caused by a bacteria.
• It is spread by eating or drinking food or water
contaminated with human feces. It occurs often in areas
where sanitation is poor.
• Symptoms include sudden fever, severe headache,
nausea, loss of appetite, rose spots on the trunk (25%),
sore throat with a non-productive cough and constipation.
• If untreated, 16% of people with typhoid fever can die.
With proper treatment, 1% will die.
• Between 2-5% of people with typhoid fever become
carriers.
What does typhoid vaccine contain?
Typhim Vi®:
- Single dose contains phenol.
- Does not contain latex.
Typherix®:
- Single dose contains phenol, disodium phosphate dihydrate and sodium phosphate dihydrate.
- The connection between the needle and the syringe contains latex.
Who should receive the vaccine?
• Travellers, 2 years or older, to countries where typhoid is
common, especially if:
- staying for more than 4 weeks,
- eating adventurously,
- visiting smaller or rural areas.
• People with ongoing household or intimate exposure to
carriers of the bacteria.
• Laboratory workers who frequently handle typhoid
cultures.
Who should not receive the vaccine?
• Children under the age of 2 years.
• Anyone who has a life-threatening allergy to any of the
vaccine components.
• People with moderate to severe illness may have to delay
immunization.
When should the vaccine be given?
• At least 2 weeks before travel to a risk area.
• May be safely given alone or with other vaccines.
How is the vaccine given?
• By injection into a muscle.
How effective is typhoid vaccine?
• About 50 - 80% of people are protected against typhoid
within two weeks.
How long does the protection last?
• Booster doses are recommended every 3 years where
typhoid risk continues.
What might be felt after receiving typhoid vaccine?
Most symptoms are mild and short-lived in adults and may include:
Very Common (10% or greater):
- Headache, soreness, redness and hardness at injection site.
Common (Between 1 and 10%)
- Muscle aches, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever.
Very Rare (< 0.01%)
- Immune, respiratory, skin reactions, allergic reaction including anaphylaxis.
Call the number below if you have severe or unusual reactions.
For more information contact Public Health Services (306) 655-4780.
©2008, Saskatoon Health Region. Reproduced only by permission.
(Updated January 4, 2010)
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